Footnotes

by Charlotte M. Yonge

　　{1} Richard's place of education was Bayeaux; for, as Duke Williamsays in the rhymed Chronicle of Normandy, -

　　"Si a Roem le faz garderE norir, gaires longementIl ne saura parlier neiantDaneis, kar nul n l'i parole.Si voil qu'il seit a tele escoleQu l'en le sache endoctrinerQue as Daneis sache parler.Ci ne sevent riens fors RomanzMais a Baieux en a tanzQui ne sevent si Daneis non."

　　{2} Bernard was founder of the family of Harcourt of Nuneham.Ferrieres, the ancestor of that of Ferrars.

　　{3} In the same Chronicle, William Longsword directs that, -

　　"Tant seit apris qu'il lise un brefKar ceo ne li ert pas trop gref."

　　{4} Hako of Norway was educated by Ethelstane of England. It wasFoulques le Bon, the contemporary Count of Anjou, who, when deridedby Louis IV. for serving in the choir of Tours, wrote the followingretort: "The Count of Anjou to the King of France. Apprenez,Monseigneur, qu'un roi sans lettres est une ane couronne."

　　{5} The Banner of Normandy was a cross till William the Conqueroradopted the lion.

　　{6} "Sire, soies mon escus, soies mes defendemens."Histoire des Ducs de Normandie (MICHEL).

　　{7} The Cathedral was afterwards built by Richard himself.

　　{8} Sus le maistre autel del igliseLi unt sa feaute juree.

　　{9} Une clef d'argent unt troveeA sun braiol estreit noee.Tout la gent se merveillontQue cete clef signifiont.* * * *Ni la cuoule e l'estamineEn aveit il en un archete,Que disfermeront ceste claveteDe sol itant ert tresorierKar nul tresor n'vait plus cher.

　　The history of the adventures of Jumieges is literally true, as isMartin's refusal to admit the Duke to the cloister:-

　　Dun ne t'a Deus mis e posePrince gardain de sainte igliseE cur tenir leial justise.

　　{10} An attack, in which Riouf, Vicomte du Cotentin, placed Normandyin the utmost danger. He was defeated on the banks of the Seine, ina field still called the "Pre de Battaille," on the very day ofRichard's birth; so that the Te Deum was sung at once for the victoryand the birth of the heir of Normandy.

　　{11} "Biaus Segnors, vees chi vo segneur, je ne le vous voel tolir,mais je estoie venus en ceste ville, prendre consel a vous, commentje poroie vengier la mort son pere, qui me rapiela d'Engletiere. Ilme fist roi, il me fist avoir l'amour le roi d'Alemaigne, il leva monfil de fons, il me fist toz les biens, et jou en renderai au fill leguerredon se je puis."--MICHEL.

　　{12} In a battle fought with Lothaire at Charmenil, Richard savedthe life of Walter the huntsman, who had been with him from hisyouth.

　　{13} At fourteen years of age, Richard was betrothed to Eumacette ofParis, then but eight years old. In such esteem did Hugues la Blanchold his son-in-law, that, on his death-bed, he committed his sonHugues Capet to his guardianship, though the Duke was then scarcelyabove twenty, proposing him as the model of wisdom and of chivalry.

　　{14} "Osmons, qui l'enfant enseognoit l'eu mena i jour en riviere,et quant il revint, la reine Gerberge dist que se il jamaisl'enmenait fors des murs, elle li ferait les jeix crever."--MICHEL.

　　{15} "Gules, two wings conjoined in lure, or," is the original coatof St. Maur, or Seymour, said to be derived from Osmond deCenteville, who assumed them in honour of his flight with DukeRichard. His direct descendants in Normandy were the Marquises ofOsmond, whose arms were gules, two wings ermine. In 1789 there weretwo survivors of the line of Centeville, one a Canon of Notre Dame,the other a Chevalier de St. Louis, who died childless.

　　{16} Harald of Norway, who made a vow never to trim his hair till hehad made himself sole king of the country. The war lasted ten years,and he thus might well come to deserve the title of Horrid-locks,which was changed to that of Harfagre, or fair-haired, when hecelebrated his final victory, by going into a bath at More, andcommitting his shaggy hair to be cut and arranged by his friend JarlRognwald, father of Rollo.

　　{17} Richard obtained for Arnulf the restitution of Arras, andseveral other Flemish towns. He died eight years afterwards, in 996,leaving several children, among whom his daughter Emma is connectedwith English history, by her marriage, first, with Ethelred theUnready, and secondly, with Knute, the grandson of his firm friendand ally, Harald Blue-tooth. His son was Richard, called the Good;his grandson, Robert the Magnificent; his great-grandson, William theConqueror, who brought the Norman race to England. Few names inhistory shine with so consistent a lustre as that of Richard; atfirst the little Duke, afterwards Richard aux longues jambes, butalways Richard sans peur. This little sketch has only broughtforward the perils of his childhood, but his early manhood waslikewise full of adventures, in which he always proved himself brave,honourable, pious, and forbearing. But for these our readers mustsearch for themselves into early French history, where all they willfind concerning our hero will only tend to exalt his character.