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Incarnations
Incarnations
Nov 19, 2024 8:30 PM

Author:Sunil Khilnani,Sunil Khilnani

Incarnations

The lives and afterlives of 50 incredible Indian people from ancient India to the 21st century

'Essential... whoppingly aurally intense' New Statesman

'... makes the mind fly across time, place and history. You may smile as, mentally, you walk alongside Khilnani up some flinty slope. You will keep thinking about what he said long after.' The Telegraph

Historian Sunil Khilnani, Professor of History and Politics at Ashoka University, takes listeners on an immersive, whirlwind journey from ancient India to the 21st century through the life stories of 50 remarkable individuals, exploring their surprising legacies and illuminating both the wonders and the urgent conflicts of India today.

From the 5th century grammarian Panini, a pioneer in algorithmic thinking, to the wandering poetess Mirabai, challenger of the gender and caste order; from Malik Ambar, a 16th century north African who became a Deccan kingmaker, to Dhirubhai Ambani, the 20th century entrepreneur whose son now ranks among the world's richest billionaires; from Lakshmibai, the 19th century queen who enjoyed weightlifting, wrestling and steeplechasing, and who became a lightning rod for India's attitudes to women, to the contemporary painter M.F. Husain, who shaped a distinctive Indian modernism; Khilnani brings to life an extraordinary panorama of India's most revealing and resonant lives.

Guests featured include Javed Akhtar, one of the great songwriters of Indian cinema, renowned actress Sharmila Tagore, historian Romila Thapar, poet Arvind Krishna Mehrotra, artists Howard Hodgkin and Bharti Kher, Nobel prize-winning economist Amartya Sen, author and political activist Arundhati Roy, and Sanskrit scholar Sheldon Pollock.

With the help of these experts, Khilnani investigates the lives of political strategists and social reformers, filmmakers and farmers, mathematicians and religious gurus, warriors and saints, artists and slaves, industry titans and freedom fighters, who have co-existed in a country bound together by its people, in all their differences and commonalities. The chosen lives conjure up an India full of relevance and infinite range, celebrating the variety of the country in all its diversity of thought, religion, politics and art.

Production credits

Presented by Sunil Khilnani

Produced by Mark Savage, Jeremy Grange and Martin Williams

Editor: Hugh Levinson

Music composed by: Talvin Singh

Researcher: Manu Pillai

Executive Producer: Martin Smith

First broadcast BBC Radio 4 on the following dates:

The Buddha: 11 May 2015

Mahavira: 12 May 2015

Panini: 13 May 2015

Kautilya: 14 May 2015

Ashoka: 15 May 2015

Charaka: 18 May 2015

Aryabhata: 19 May 2015

Shankaracharya: 20 May 2015

Rajaraja Chola: 21 May 2015

Basavana: 22 May 2015

Amir Khusro: 25 May 2015

Kabir: 26 May 2015

Guru Nanak: 27 May 2015

Krishnadevaraya: 28 May 2015

Mirabai: 29 May 2015

Akbar: 1 June 2015

Malik Ambar: 2 June 2015

Dara Shikoh: 3 June 2015

Shivaji: 4 June 2015

Nainsukh: 5 June 2015

William Jones: 8 June 2015

Rammohan Roy: 9 June 2015

Lakshmibai, Rani of Jhansi: 10 June 2015

Jyotirao Phule: 11 June 2015

Birsa Munda: 12 June 2015

Deen Dayal: 26 July 2021

Jamsetji Tata: 27 July 2021

Vivekananda: 28 July 2021

Annie Besant: 29 July 2021

Chidambaram Pillai: 30 July 2021

Ramanujan: 2 August 2021

Tagore: 3 August 2021

Visvesvaraya: 4 August 2021

Periyar: 5 August 2021

Iqbal: 6 August 2021

Amrita Sher-Gil: 9 August 2021

Subhas Chandra Bose: 10 August 2021

Gandhi: 11 August 2021

Jinnah: 12 August 2021

Manto: 13 August 2021

Bhimrao Ambedkar: 16 August 2021

Raj Kapoor: 17 August 2021

Sheikh Abdullah: 18 August 2021

Krishna Menon: 19 August 2021

Subbulakshmi: 20 August 2021

Indira Gandhi: 23 August 2021

Satyajit Ray: 24 August 2021

Charan Singh: 25 August 2021

MF Husain: 26 August 2021

Dhirubhai Ambani: 27 August 2021

© 2022 BBC Studios Distribution Ltd. (P) BBC Studios Distribution Ltd.

Reviews

In this exhilarating handbook Sarah Bakewell explains that a humanist philosopher is one who puts the whole living person at the centre of things . . . Bakewell finishes this bracing book by urging us to draw inspiration from these earlier men and women as we try hard to live bravely and humanly in what sometimes seems like an aridly abstract and loveless world

—— Kathryn Hughes , Sunday Times

A story of spiritual and intellectual triumph... An epic, spine-tingling and persuasive work of history

—— Simon Ings , Daily Telegraph

As in her previous books on Montaigne and the Existentialists, Bakewell manages to transform raw material into prose that is light and clear . . . she carefully selects only the most interesting and revealing details . . . Bakewell exemplifies the thirst for life and learning of humanism at its best

—— Julian Baggini , Literary Review

Engagingly written as well as richly informative . . . every thinker, every book, every movement is located lightly and precisely in relation to its past and its influence on the present day. I can't imagine a better history of humanism, nor one that is so vividly persuasive. Bakewell is a wonderful writer

—— PHILIP PULLMAN

An expansive tour of European humanism... Bakewell brings out sharply how much contrarian courage it took to stand up for secularism... These dangers are not a thing of the past... Humanism is not just a hard-won victory, as Sarah Bakewell documents, but a fragile one, threatened by theocracy and neo-facism, by politicians for whom the point of education is entirely economic, and by movements that aspire to leave humanity behind

—— Kieran Setiya , Times Literary Supplement

I've long admired Sarah Bakewell's extraordinary talent for breathing life into philosophy, making vivid the historical circumstances that give birth to new ideas. And this book is her best yet - a fascinating, moving, funny, sometimes harrowing and ultimately uplifting account of humanity's struggle to understand and fully inhabit the state of being human

—— OLIVER BURKEMAN, author of Four Thousand Weeks

Humanly Possible skilfully combines philosophy, history and biography. She is scholarly yet accessible, and portrays people and ideas with vitality and without anachronism, making them affecting and alive

—— Jane O'Grady , Guardian

Impressively comprehensive... A highly engaging work

—— Hannah Beckerman , Observer

Bakewell has a contagious enthusiasm for many of these likeable figures . . . a jolly and readable skate through a large swathe of philosophical thought and practical endeavour

—— Philip Hensher , Spectator

As she romps through the centuries, readers will feel assured that they are in the company of a gifted guide

—— The Economist

A lifelong humanist, Bakewell traces the chequered but irresistible development of her convictions from the Renaissance to the present... [A] spirited book

—— Michael Ledger-Lomas , History Today

Sarah Bakewell's books are always a joyous education . . . She combines a keen intellect with a lightness of touch and one always feels that she delights in sharing what she has learned. That delight is contagious. . . . the world looked different when I finished this book

—— ROBIN INCE, author of The Infinite Monkey Cage / The Importance of Being Interested

Fascinating . . . wonderfully learned, gracefully written, and simply enjoyable

—— Kirkus (starred review)

NBCC Award winner Bakewell (How to Live) brilliantly tracks the development of humanism over seven centuries of intellectual history... Erudite and accessible, Bakewell's survey pulls together diverse historical threads without sacrificing the up-close details that give this work its spark. Even those who already consider themselves humanists will be enlightened

—— Publishers Weekly (starred review)

Bakewell crafts a history of humanism that's absorbing and accessible, as well as educational. Tracing its evolution, she celebrates its values and makes a persuasive argument as to why they're still needed today

—— Radio Times

A book of big and bold ideas... Bakewell is wide-ranging, witty and compassionate

—— Wall Street Journal

Lively. . . [Bakewell's] new book is filled with her characteristic wit and clarity; she manages to wrangle seven centuries of humanist thought into a brisk narrative, resisting the traps of windy abstraction and glib oversimplification. . . She puts her entire self into this book, linking philosophical reflections with vibrant anecdotes. She delights in the paradoxical and the particular, reminding us that every human being contains multitudes

—— Jennifer Szalai , New York Times

A book of big and bold ideas, Humanly Possible is humane in approach and, more important, readable and worth reading. . . Bakewell is wide-ranging, witty and compassionate

—— Wall Street Journal

Bakewell brings her signature blend of wit and philosophical sophistication to the complex, sometimes contentious 700-year history of humanist thought . . . Bakewell is no stranger to the art of applying sophisticated philosophical thinking to the urgent business of daily life . . . for her, the essence of humanism lies not in grand ideas but the idiosyncrasies of individual experience

—— Jennifer Schuessler , New York Times

A spine-tingling, seamless account of 700 years of humanist thought

—— Daily Telegraph, *Summer Reads of 2023*

Three formidable volumes have appeared, admirably edited by Simon Heffer displaying considerable scholarship . . . Channon, for all his misjudgements, ingratiating behaviour and bigotry, is revealing about public and private life, society and sexuality, and honest about himself to a degree that makes these Diaries a weird kind of masterpiece.

—— LRB

Wickedly entertaining . . . scrupulously edited and annotated by Simon Heffer. Genuinely shocking, and still revelatory.

—— Andrew Marr , New Statesman

Among the most glittering and enjoyable [diaries] ever written.

—— The Observer

The greatest British diarist of the 20th century. A feast of weapons-grade above-stairs gossip.

—— Ben MacIntyre , The Times

Through interviews and personal experience, Katja Hoyer brings a new understanding to a country that has now vanished ... A fresh look at what life was like for average people in East Germany ... intriguing and surprising

—— ABC, Radio National

With Beyond the Wall, Katja Hoyer confirms her place as one of the best young historians writing in English today. On the heels of her superb Blood and Iron, about the rise and fall of the Second Reich, comes another masterpiece, this one about the aftermath of the Third Reich in the East. Well-researched, well-written and profoundly insightful, it explodes many of the lazy Western cliches about East Germany

—— Andrew Roberts

Utterly brilliant. This gripping account of East Germany sheds new light on what for many of us remains an opaque chapter of history. Authoritative, lively and profoundly human, it is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand post-WW2 Europe

—— Julia Boyd

A gripping and nuanced history of the GDR from its beginnings as a separate German socialist state against the wishes of Stalin to its final rapprochement with its Western other against those of Gorbachev. Beyond the Wall is a unique fresco of everyday reality in East Germany. Elegantly moving between diplomatic history, political economy and cultural analysis, this is an essential read to understand not only the life and death of the GDR but also the parts of it that still survive in the emotions of its former citizens.

—— Lea Ypi

Superb, totally fascinating and compelling, Katja Hoyer's first full history of East Germany's rise and fall is a work of revelatory original research - and a gripping read with a brilliant cast of characters. Essential reading

—— Simon Sebag Montefiore

A beyond-brilliant new picture of the rise and fall of the East German state. Katja Hoyer gives us not only pin-sharp historical analysis, but an up-close and personal view of both key characters and ordinary citizens whose lives charted some of the darkest hours of the Cold War. If you thought you knew the history of East Germany, think again. An utterly riveting read

—— Julie Etchingham

A fantastic, sparkling book, filled with insights not only about East Germany but about the Cold War, Europe and the forging of the 20th and 21st centuries

—— Peter Frankopan

The joke has it that the duty of the last East German to escape from the country was to turn off the lights. In Beyond the Wall Katja Hoyer turns the light back on and gives us the best kind of history: frank, vivid, nuanced and filled with interesting people

—— Ivan Krastev

A refreshing and eye-opening book on a country that is routinely reduced to cartoonish cliché. Beyond the Wall is a tribute to the ordinary East Germans who built themselves a society that - for a time - worked for them, a society carved out of a state founded in the horrors of Nazism and Stalinism

—— Owen Hatherley

A colourful and often revelatory re-appraisal of one of modern history's most fascinating political curiosities. Katja Hoyer skilfully weaves diverse political and private lives together, from the communist elite to ordinary East Germans

—— Frederick Taylor

Katja Hoyer is becoming the authoritative voice in the English speaking world for all things German. Thanks to her, German history has the prominence in the Anglosphere it certainly deserves.

—— Dan Snow

Katja Hoyer brilliantly shows that the history of East Germany was a significant chapter of German history, not just a footnote to it or a copy of the Soviet Union. To understand Germany today we have to grapple with the history and legacy of its all but dismissed East

—— Serhii Plokhy

Katja Hoyer's return to discover what happened to her homeland - the old East Germany - is an excellent counterpoint to Stasiland by Anna Funder

—— Iain Macgregor

Beguiling and beautifully written, this is the work of an author with a bright future

—— Tortoise

Coruscating originality, emotional potency, astonishing artistic vim... This signals the arrival of a truly breathtaking literary voice... A scintillating tour de force

—— Yorkshire Times

Fierce and accomplished, Assembly interrogates the high cost of surviving in a system designed to exclude you

—— Economist

I was blown away by Assembly, an astonishing book that forces us to see what's underpinning absolutely everything

—— Lauren Elkin, author of 'Flaneuse'

Coiled and charged, a small shockwave... Sometimes you come across a short novel of such compressed intensity that you wonder why anyone would bother reading longer narratives... [Assembly] casts a huge shadow

—— MoneyControl

A masterwork . . . it contains centuries of wisdom, aesthetic experimentation and history. Brown handles her debut with a surgeon's control and a musician's sensitivity to sound

—— Tess Gunty , Guardian

An extraordinary book, and a compelling read that had me not only gripped but immediately determined to listen again... Highly recommended

—— Financial Times on 'Assembly' in audiobook

'As utterly, urgently brilliant as everyone has said. A needle driven directly into the sclerotic heart of contemporary Britain. Beautiful proof that you don't need to write a long book, just a good book'

—— Rebecca Tamas, author of 'Witch'

Every line of this electrifying debut novel pulses with canny social critique

—— Oprah Daily

Devastatingly eloquent, bold, poignant

—— Shelf Awareness

An achievement that will leave you wondering just how it's possible that this is only the author's very first work... Brown packs so much commentary and insight inside of every single sentence... Original and startling all at once. After reading Assembly, I cannot wait to see what Natasha Brown does next

—— Shondaland

[Brown's] work is like that of an excellent photographer - you feel like you are finally seeing the world sharply and without the common filters. That is hypnotising

—— Rowan Hisayo Buchanan , Guardian

A brilliantly compressed, existentially daring study of a high-flying Black woman negotiating the British establishment

—— Guardian, 'Best Fiction of 2021' , Justine Jordan
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